04-12 22:51

一、审题与立意
1. 文体判断
题目要求:
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to
make an apology, and
suggest a solution.
这说明本文是一封私人书信 / 应用文书信,核心功能是:
道歉
提出解决办法
所以这是考研英语一小作文中非常典型的道歉信(Letter of Apology)。
2. 题干关键信息提取
题干给出的信息非常明确,我们要逐项抓住:
人物关系
写信人:你
收信人:Bob
身份关系:landlord(房东)
这意味着语气要礼貌、真诚、稍正式,但不必像给校长、机构负责人那样过分官方。
事件背景
你刚从加拿大回来
在行李中发现了一张音乐CD
这张CD原本应该还给Bob
但是你忘记归还了
这里的核心失误是:无意中带走了对方的物品。
写作任务
必须完成两件事:
make an apology:表达歉意
suggest a solution:提出解决方法
所以文章不能只写“对不起”,还必须写清楚怎么补救。
3. 立意方向
本道题最稳妥、最符合阅卷偏好的立意是:
因疏忽误带走CD,向Bob诚恳道歉,并主动提出邮寄归还或承担相关费用,以体现责任感和礼貌。
注意,考研小作文的“立意”不需要像大作文那样上升到社会哲理层面,重点在于:
目的明确
态度真诚
解决方案可行
4. 写作时必须覆盖的得分点
一篇满分小作文,必须把以下内容写全:
称呼得体:Dear Bob,
说明写信目的:apologize for taking the CD by mistake
交代原因:found it in my luggage after returning home
表达歉意:I am terribly/awfully sorry
提出方案:mail it back / send it by express / pay the postage / compensate if necessary
再次致歉并期待回复
落款:Yours sincerely, Li Ming
二、选材分析
这道题属于场景明确型书信,不需要自己编造复杂故事。所谓“选材”,主要是指你选择哪些内容来支撑“道歉 + 解决方案”。
1. 哪些内容适合写
适合写的内容一:说明失误是无意的
例如:
I found the CD in my luggage only after I got home.
I must have packed it by mistake in a hurry.
作用: 可以减轻冒犯感,让对方知道这不是故意占有物品,而是疏忽导致。
适合写的内容二:真诚道歉
例如:
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
Please accept my sincere apologies.
作用: 突出态度诚恳,是应用文评分中的重要点。
适合写的内容三:提出具体补救办法
例如:
I will mail the CD back to you immediately.
If you prefer, I can send it by express delivery.
I will cover all the postage.
If the CD is urgently needed, I can also buy a new copy and send it to you.
作用: “solution”必须具体,越清晰越能体现逻辑与责任感。
适合写的内容四:请求对方回复
例如:
Please let me know which way you would prefer.
I would appreciate it if you could tell me your preferred solution.
作用: 让信件更完整、更真实。
2. 哪些内容不适合写
不适合写一:长篇解释个人旅途见闻
比如写:
Canada was really beautiful...
I had a wonderful trip...
这类内容和任务无关,会挤占字数。
不适合写二:过度夸张的自责
比如:
I am the worst tenant ever...
I feel so ashamed that I cannot forgive myself...
这种表达会显得不自然、用力过猛。
不适合写三:提出不现实的方案
比如:
I will fly back to Canada just to return it.
这显然不经济也不符合常识。
3. 最佳选材方案
最推荐的内容组合是:
第一层:说明情况
回国后在行李里发现CD,是自己匆忙收拾时误装进去的。
第二层:真诚道歉
对自己的粗心表示抱歉。
第三层:提出解决办法
立刻邮寄归还,并承担邮费;也可按对方要求选择其他方式。
第四层:结尾礼貌收束
再次致歉,期待回复。
这是最安全、最标准、最容易拿高分的写法。
三、非常详细的提纲
下面我给你一个可以直接套用到考场的满分结构提纲。
整体结构:三段式
第一段:开门见山说明写信目的 + 道歉
要点:
称呼
说明写信目的
交代自己刚发现CD在行李里
表达歉意
可写内容:
I am writing to apologize for...
Having just returned from Canada, I found...
I must have taken it by mistake.
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
功能: 迅速回应题目中的“make an apology”。
第二段:解释原因 + 提出解决方案
要点:
说明原因:packing in a hurry / by mistake
提方案1:邮寄归还
提方案2:承担邮费 / 快递费用
提方案3:如有其他建议愿意配合
可写内容:
I was in such a hurry when packing that...
I will send the CD back to you by air mail / express as soon as possible.
Of course, I will pay for the postage.
If you prefer any other way, please let me know.
功能: 完整回应题目中的“suggest a solution”。
第三段:再次致歉 + 期待回复 + 礼貌结尾
要点:
再次表达歉意
希望对方谅解
期待对方回复
落款
可写内容:
Please accept my sincere apologies again.
I hope this will not cause you too much inconvenience.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming
功能: 让全文礼貌闭合,符合书信格式。
逐句细化提纲版
如果你想在考场上“按句写”,可以用这个版本:
首段
Dear Bob,
I am writing to express my sincere apology for taking your music CD back with me by mistake.
Having just unpacked my luggage after returning from Canada, I was surprised to find it inside.
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
中段
I must have put it into my bag in a hurry when I was preparing for departure.
To make up for my mistake, I will mail the CD back to you immediately by express delivery.
I will, of course, cover all the postage.
If you would prefer another solution, such as my purchasing a new copy for you, please let me know.
尾段
Please accept my sincere apologies again for the inconvenience caused.
I look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
字数控制建议
题目要求:about 100 words
考研小作文通常写到:
90—120词最稳妥
建议分配:
第一段:30词左右
第二段:45词左右
第三段:20词左右
不要写得太短,否则显得信息不全;也不要超过太多,否则容易啰嗦、出错。
四、可直接背诵的高分句型
为了帮助你以后举一反三,我再给你整理一些道歉信万能句型。
开头句型
I am writing to express my sincere apology for...
I am terribly sorry to learn that...
Please allow me to apologize for...
解释原因句型
I did it by mistake.
I was in such a hurry that...
It was entirely due to my carelessness that...
提出解决办法句型
To make up for my mistake, I would like to...
I will send it back to you as soon as possible.
I will bear all the relevant expenses.
结尾句型
Please accept my sincere apologies again.
I hope this will not cause you too much inconvenience.
I look forward to your reply.

一、审题与立意
1. 文体判断
题目要求:
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to
make an apology, and
suggest a solution.
这说明本文是一封私人书信 / 应用文书信,核心功能是:
道歉
提出解决办法
所以这是考研英语一小作文中非常典型的道歉信(Letter of Apology)。
2. 题干关键信息提取
题干给出的信息非常明确,我们要逐项抓住:
人物关系
写信人:你
收信人:Bob
身份关系:landlord(房东)
这意味着语气要礼貌、真诚、稍正式,但不必像给校长、机构负责人那样过分官方。
事件背景
你刚从加拿大回来
在行李中发现了一张音乐CD
这张CD原本应该还给Bob
但是你忘记归还了
这里的核心失误是:无意中带走了对方的物品。
写作任务
必须完成两件事:
make an apology:表达歉意
suggest a solution:提出解决方法
所以文章不能只写“对不起”,还必须写清楚怎么补救。
3. 立意方向
本道题最稳妥、最符合阅卷偏好的立意是:
因疏忽误带走CD,向Bob诚恳道歉,并主动提出邮寄归还或承担相关费用,以体现责任感和礼貌。
注意,考研小作文的“立意”不需要像大作文那样上升到社会哲理层面,重点在于:
目的明确
态度真诚
解决方案可行
4. 写作时必须覆盖的得分点
一篇满分小作文,必须把以下内容写全:
称呼得体:Dear Bob,
说明写信目的:apologize for taking the CD by mistake
交代原因:found it in my luggage after returning home
表达歉意:I am terribly/awfully sorry
提出方案:mail it back / send it by express / pay the postage / compensate if necessary
再次致歉并期待回复
落款:Yours sincerely, Li Ming
二、选材分析
这道题属于场景明确型书信,不需要自己编造复杂故事。所谓“选材”,主要是指你选择哪些内容来支撑“道歉 + 解决方案”。
1. 哪些内容适合写
适合写的内容一:说明失误是无意的
例如:
I found the CD in my luggage only after I got home.
I must have packed it by mistake in a hurry.
作用: 可以减轻冒犯感,让对方知道这不是故意占有物品,而是疏忽导致。
适合写的内容二:真诚道歉
例如:
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
Please accept my sincere apologies.
作用: 突出态度诚恳,是应用文评分中的重要点。
适合写的内容三:提出具体补救办法
例如:
I will mail the CD back to you immediately.
If you prefer, I can send it by express delivery.
I will cover all the postage.
If the CD is urgently needed, I can also buy a new copy and send it to you.
作用: “solution”必须具体,越清晰越能体现逻辑与责任感。
适合写的内容四:请求对方回复
例如:
Please let me know which way you would prefer.
I would appreciate it if you could tell me your preferred solution.
作用: 让信件更完整、更真实。
2. 哪些内容不适合写
不适合写一:长篇解释个人旅途见闻
比如写:
Canada was really beautiful...
I had a wonderful trip...
这类内容和任务无关,会挤占字数。
不适合写二:过度夸张的自责
比如:
I am the worst tenant ever...
I feel so ashamed that I cannot forgive myself...
这种表达会显得不自然、用力过猛。
不适合写三:提出不现实的方案
比如:
I will fly back to Canada just to return it.
这显然不经济也不符合常识。
3. 最佳选材方案
最推荐的内容组合是:
第一层:说明情况
回国后在行李里发现CD,是自己匆忙收拾时误装进去的。第二层:真诚道歉
对自己的粗心表示抱歉。第三层:提出解决办法
立刻邮寄归还,并承担邮费;也可按对方要求选择其他方式。第四层:结尾礼貌收束
再次致歉,期待回复。
这是最安全、最标准、最容易拿高分的写法。
三、非常详细的提纲
下面我给你一个可以直接套用到考场的满分结构提纲。
整体结构:三段式
第一段:开门见山说明写信目的 + 道歉
要点:
称呼
说明写信目的
交代自己刚发现CD在行李里
表达歉意
可写内容:
I am writing to apologize for...
Having just returned from Canada, I found...
I must have taken it by mistake.
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
功能: 迅速回应题目中的“make an apology”。
第二段:解释原因 + 提出解决方案
要点:
说明原因:packing in a hurry / by mistake
提方案1:邮寄归还
提方案2:承担邮费 / 快递费用
提方案3:如有其他建议愿意配合
可写内容:
I was in such a hurry when packing that...
I will send the CD back to you by air mail / express as soon as possible.
Of course, I will pay for the postage.
If you prefer any other way, please let me know.
功能: 完整回应题目中的“suggest a solution”。
第三段:再次致歉 + 期待回复 + 礼貌结尾
要点:
再次表达歉意
希望对方谅解
期待对方回复
落款
可写内容:
Please accept my sincere apologies again.
I hope this will not cause you too much inconvenience.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming
功能: 让全文礼貌闭合,符合书信格式。
逐句细化提纲版
如果你想在考场上“按句写”,可以用这个版本:
首段
Dear Bob,
I am writing to express my sincere apology for taking your music CD back with me by mistake.
Having just unpacked my luggage after returning from Canada, I was surprised to find it inside.
I am terribly sorry for my carelessness.
中段
I must have put it into my bag in a hurry when I was preparing for departure.
To make up for my mistake, I will mail the CD back to you immediately by express delivery.
I will, of course, cover all the postage.
If you would prefer another solution, such as my purchasing a new copy for you, please let me know.
尾段
Please accept my sincere apologies again for the inconvenience caused.
I look forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
字数控制建议
题目要求:about 100 words
考研小作文通常写到:
90—120词最稳妥
建议分配:
第一段:30词左右
第二段:45词左右
第三段:20词左右
不要写得太短,否则显得信息不全;也不要超过太多,否则容易啰嗦、出错。
四、可直接背诵的高分句型
为了帮助你以后举一反三,我再给你整理一些道歉信万能句型。
开头句型
I am writing to express my sincere apology for...
I am terribly sorry to learn that...
Please allow me to apologize for...
解释原因句型
I did it by mistake.
I was in such a hurry that...
It was entirely due to my carelessness that...
提出解决办法句型
To make up for my mistake, I would like to...
I will send it back to you as soon as possible.
I will bear all the relevant expenses.
结尾句型
Please accept my sincere apologies again.
I hope this will not cause you too much inconvenience.
I look forward to your reply.

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